Daniel Brouse and Sidd Mukherjee July 4, 2026 Abstract Global warming is often communicated through changes in average surface air temperature. While useful, this framing understates the fundamental driver of climate change: the accumulation and redistribution of excess thermal energy throughout the Earth system. Because more than 90% of anthropogenic excess heat is stored in […]
Category Archives: Environment
The Evolving Probability Distribution of Climate Extremes: Earth’s Energy Imbalance, Statistical Skewness, and Feedback Coupling in an Increasingly Energetic Climate System
Also posted in Agriculture, Business, Education, Energy, Global Warming, Politics, Science, Society, Trees, weather
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How Is Your Electric Made?
I happen to be in a somewhat unusual position geographically—I’m between the Limerick and Peach Bottom nuclear plants, so a significant portion of my electricity comes from nuclear generation. I’m not particularly pro-nuclear because it takes far too long to build new plants, and the construction itself (especially the enormous amount of concrete and steel) […]
Also posted in Business, children, Education, Energy, Global Warming, health and wellness, Science
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PJM Electricity 900% Price Spike: Capacity Market Shock and Heat-Driven Grid Stress
The current heatwave across the PJM region is unfolding within the broader context of ongoing global warming, where rising average temperatures are increasing both the frequency and severity of extreme heat events. As the climate warms, baseline temperatures shift upward, making extreme heat more likely and more persistent. This results in higher daytime temperatures, reduced […]
Also posted in Business, Finance, Global Warming, Science
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Elevated Nighttime Minimum Temperatures and the Intensification of Heat-Health Risk
by Daniel Brouse Abstract Nighttime minimum temperatures are increasing in many regions at a faster rate than daytime maximum temperatures, representing a critical but underappreciated dimension of climate change. Because human and ecosystem recovery from heat stress depends heavily on nocturnal cooling, this trend has important implications for health outcomes, agriculture, energy demand, and ecological […]
Ozone References
References Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2021). Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Cambridge University Press. World Meteorological Organization. (2024). State of the Global Climate 2024. Feng, Z., De Marco, A., Anav, A., et al. (2022). Economic losses […]
A New Way to Understand Earth’s Accelerating Climate System
Climate Change Threshold-Driven Dynamics Public Access Edition “This looks complicated.” True—it is complicated, and that’s part of the problem. The climate system involves interacting feedbacks across the atmosphere, oceans, biosphere, and cryosphere, so it can’t really be reduced to a single mechanism or slogan without losing important detail. That’s exactly why we created this version as a public-access […]
Overview of Climate Regime Shift Analysis
From the Industrial Revolution through much of the 20th century, several slowly evolving climate-related indicators exhibited characteristic response times on the order of a century (~10² years), although these vary substantially by variable and data availability. By the 2020s, multiple independently observed Earth system components show accelerated trends with effective timescales in some cases compressing […]
July Fourth in Philadelphia: Extreme Heat Puts FIFA Players and Fans at Risk
Philadelphia is forecast to experience a critical heat emergency on July 4, with heat index values expected to reach 91–95°F under dangerously humid conditions. Even modest physical exertion outdoors can increase the risk of heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and, in severe cases, death. Extreme heat is more than uncomfortable—it is one of the deadliest weather […]
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The Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt: Climate Change and the Rise of a Record-Breaking Ocean Regime Shift
by Daniel Brouse What many beachgoers describe as a “bad seaweed year” is actually evidence of a much larger transformation occurring across the Atlantic Ocean. Florida is experiencing another massive influx of Sargassum, and scientists monitoring the phenomenon report that the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt remains near record size. Rather than an isolated event, this […]
Ring of Fire Thunderstorm Feedbacks
Introduction In meteorology, a Ring of Fire describes a recurring pattern in which clusters of powerful thunderstorms repeatedly develop and travel around the outer edge of a large, stationary high-pressure system. These storms form where extremely hot, dry air beneath the heat dome collides with cooler, moisture-rich air circulating around its perimeter. The pattern becomes […]