Daniel Brouse asked: As the sea levels rise, how far “inland” might we see salinization of fresh water? Is it possible saltwater could infiltrate the Great Lakes? Lake Superior has an elevation of 600 feet above (current) sea level and a depth of 1,332 feet. Lake Ontario is 243 feet above sea level with a […]
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Violent Rain and the Substrate
Gravity, Sea Level Rise and Surge
by Daniel Brouse and Sidd Mukherjess In general, the coasts that are seeing the largest storm surges are the same areas that are experiencing the fastest rate of sea level rise. The sea level does not rise at the same rate for most coastlines. Some of the conditions that determine the sea level at any […]
COVID: Excess Deaths and Quality of Life
by Daniel Brouse December 14, 2023 Long-COVID, or post-infection COVID, appears to affect the majority of the population. For individuals that “recover” from COVID-19, they can expect a decreased quality of life and a premature death. Decrease in Quality of Life Known chronic conditions resulting from a COVID infection include: Permanent Organ Damage, Persistent SARS-CoV-2 […]
Climate Change: Atmospheric Rivers
Extreme Rainfall–surge Hazard Risk Basics and Atmospheric Rivers Brouse (2022) West Coast Atmospheric Rivers Brouse (2023) East Coast Atmospheric Rivers Brouse (2023) Greenland Atmospheric Rivers Mukherjee (2023) ALSO SEE: Real Estate and Flood Insurance Brouse and Mukherjee (1999 to present) The Reign of Violent Rain Brouse and Mukherjee (2023) The Age of Loss and Damage […]
Greenland Atmospheric Rivers
by Sidd Mukherjee Historically in the United States, atmospheric rivers (AR) have been associated with the West Coast. Now, AR activity is getting more attention on the East Coast. Atmospheric rivers have been putting serious rainfall melt on Greenland for the last decade, too. Darker snow surfaces absorb more sunlight and melt quicker. This effect […]
West Coast Atmospheric Rivers
by Daniel Brouse As the Earth warms, the air will hold more moisture. More moisture-laden air moves over land and creates atmospheric rivers (Pineapple Express). The Journal EOS in the article Atmospheric Rivers Spur High-Tide Floods on U.S. West Coast said, “Atmospheric rivers are narrow bands of moisture that travel across the lower troposphere, generally […]
East Coast Atmospheric Rivers
by Daniel Brouse December 10, 2023 As the Earth warms, the air will hold more moisture (water vapor). When more moisture-laden air moves over land it can create atmospheric rivers. In the Northwestern USA, the atmospheric rivers are commonly called the Pineapple Express. The Journal EOS in the article Atmospheric Rivers Spur High-Tide Floods on […]
Long-COVID 2023 / 2024 Update
by Daniel Brouse November 2023 – March 2024 In February of 2020, I contracted SARS-CoV-2. Then, I continued to experience long-term complications and chronic conditions. The article Long COVID Update: 3 Years of Living With It describes the symptoms and the knowledge gained from the experience. Now I am approaching 4 years and continue to […]
Climate Change and the Carbon Feedback Loop
by Daniel Brouse The atmosphere is acting like a blanket… and the earth (land and sea) is acting like a battery. 91% of the energy (as heat) is trapped/stored in the oceans. Feedback Loops Example The Albedo feedback loop between the earth and the CO2 in the atmosphere accelerates global warming at an exponential rate. […]
The Snowfall Feedback Loop
by Daniel Brouse November 26, 2023 Global warming is causing warmer and shorter winters. Not only are White Christmases less frequent, so are icebergs, sea ice, and glaciers. An analysis and maps from NOAA found snowfall is declining globally as temperatures warm due to anthropological climate change. As the atmosphere’s heat and humidity increase, precipitation […]